Ostriches (from
AZ Ostrich Company, Inc.)
The ostrich, Struthio camelus, is the world's largest living bird. It is in the family classification of ratites, which includes emus, kiwis, and rheas. Ostrich fossils have been found in North Africa, Europe and Asia, but today the bird is indigenous to Africa, where it has been raised commercially for more than 100 years. They are not endangered species.
The ostrich is a flightless bird, but it can run up to speeds of 40 mph. It can sustained this speed up to 30 minutes. The ostrich is the only bird that has two toes on each foot. During the mating season the male develops a red coloring on the beak, around the eyes and on the skin on the leg bones. The blown-up, thickened neck is related to the strange sounds the male produces when courting a hen or challenging another male. Other sounds are produced by both sexes, hissing when enraged, low gurgling sounds when in fear and a short, sharp cry warning of danger.
It has thick black eyelashes that surround it eyes, which are almost two inches in diameter. Its speed and unusually good eyesight help the ostrich escape from its enemies. The ostrich does not hide its head in the sand, but is eating gravel, small pebbles or sand to aid in grinding food for digestion or for curiosity. Domesticated ostriches eat corn, alfalfa and soy bean meal and need to drink lots of water.
Ostriches are polygamous. Domestic breeding of ostriches are either in trios (one male (cock) and two females (hen)) or colonies with a prevalent number of hens. An ostrich reaches its breeding maturity at 2 1/2 to 3 years. An ostrich can breed for about 35 years and can live to be about 70 years old. They can weigh from 250 to 400 pounds and stand 6 to 8 feet tall.
A hen can lay from 10 to 70 eggs each year. Each egg weighs about 3 to 4 pounds and is nearly 6 inches in diameter. It has a thick shell and a dull yellow. One ostrich egg is equivalent to two dozen chicken eggs. The gestation period is 42 days. An infertile egg can be turned into objects of art by painting or engraving. Most birds are slaughtered from 10 to 14 months.
An ostrich will yield 70 to 100 pounds of meat, 2 to 4 pounds of feathers, and 12-15 square feet of leather.